Atomic Structure
All Videos in Atomic Structure
- 1. Early Atomic Theory: Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford and Millikan
- 2. What Are Elements?
- 3. Atomic Number and Mass Number
- 4. The Periodic Table: Properties of Groups and Periods
- 5. How Compounds and Molecules Are Built From Elements
- 6. Ionic Bonds: Definitions and Examples
- 7. Polar and Nonpolar Covalent Bonds: Definitions and Examples
- 8. Covalent Bonding and Electron Shells: Definitions, Relationship & the Octet Rule
- 9. Chemical Bonds IV: Hydrogen
- 10. Using Atoms and Ions to Determine Molecular Formulas
Properties of Matter
All Videos in Properties of Matter
- 1. Matter: Physical and Chemical Properties
- 2. States of Matter: Solids, Liquids, Gases, & Plasma
- 3. Phase Change: Evaporation, Condensation, Freezing, Melting, Sublimation & Deposition
- 4. Common Chemical Reactions and Energy Change
- 5. Chemical Reactions and Balancing Chemical Equations
- 6. Nuclear Reaction: Definition, Examples & Quiz
- 7. Half-life: Calculating Radioactive Decay and Interpreting Decay Graphs
- 8. Endothermic and Exothermic Reactions
Fundamentals of Thermodynamics
All Videos in Fundamentals of Thermodynamics
- 1. What is Energy? - Definition and Significance in Nature
- 2. Kinetic Energy to Potential Energy: Relationship in Different Energy Types
- 3. First Law of Thermodynamics: Law of Conservation of Energy
- 4. Second Law of Thermodynamics: Entropy and Systems
- 5. What is Mechanical Energy? - Definition & Examples
- 6. What is Thermal Energy? - Definition & Examples
- 7. What is Radiant Energy? - Definition & Examples
- 8. What is Chemical Energy? - Definition & Examples
- 9. What is Electrical Energy? - Definition & Examples
- 10. What is Nuclear Energy? - Definition & Examples
- 11. How to Calculate Specific Heat Capacity for Different Substances
- 12. Changes in Heat and Energy Diagrams
- 13. Energy and Life: The Transformation of Energy in Living Organisms
Mechanics
All Videos in Mechanics
- 1. Speed and Velocity: Concepts and Formulas
- 2. What is Acceleration? - Definition and Formula
- 3. Implications of Mechanics on Objects
- 4. Newton's First Law of Motion: Examples of the Effect of Force on Motion
- 5. Newton's Second Law of Motion: The Relationship Between Force and Acceleration
- 6. Newton's Third Law of Motion: Examples of the Relationship Between Two Forces
- 7. Newton's Laws and Weight, Mass & Gravity
Relativity
All Videos in Relativity
- 1. Classical Relativity: Distance and Time Relation to the Observer
- 2. Light and Relativity: Breakdown of Classical Relativity with Light Example
- 3. Space Contraction: Shortening Distance for Fast Moving Objects
- 4. Mass and Energy: Description and Interchangeable Relationship
- 5. General and Special Relativity: Theory and Examples
Electricity
All Videos in Electricity
- 1. Electric Charge and Force: Definition, Repulsion & Attraction
- 2. Electric Force Fields and the Significance of Arrow Direction & Spacing
- 3. Coulomb's Law: Variables Affecting the Force Between Two Charged Particles
- 4. Electric Potential: Charge Collections and Volt Unit
- 5. Insulators and Conductors: Examples, Definitions & Qualities
- 6. Voltage Sources: Energy Conversion and Examples
- 7. What is Electric Current? - Definition, Unit & Types
- 8. Electrical Resistance: Definition, Unit & Variables
- 9. Ohm's Law: Definition & Relationship Between Voltage, Current & Resistance
- 10. Electric Circuit Fundamentals: Components & Types
- 11. What is Electric Power?
Waves, Sound, and Light
All Videos in Waves, Sound, and Light
- 1. Vibrations and Waves: Energy and Motion
- 2. Wave Parameters: Wavelength, Amplitude, Period, Frequency & Speed
- 3. Transverse & Longitudinal Waves: Definition & Examples
- 4. What is Sound? - Definition and Factors Affecting the Speed of Sound
- 5. Pitch and Volume in Sound Waves
- 6. Electromagnetic Waves: Definition, Sources & Properties
- 7. The 7 Major Regions of the Electromagnetic Spectrum
- 8. The Nature of Light: Origin, Spectrum & Color Frequency
- 9. Reflection: Angle of Incidence and Curved Surfaces
- 10. Diffuse Reflection: Definition, Examples & Surfaces
- 11. Transparent and Opaque Materials in Electromagnetic Waves
- 12. Color: White Light, Reflection & Absorption
The Universe
All Videos in The Universe
- 1. Origins of the Universe: The Big Bang and Expanding & Contracting Universes
- 2. Evidence for the Big Bang Theory: Background Radiation, Red-Shift and Expansion
- 3. Star Formation: Main Sequence, Dwarf & Giant Stars
- 4. Types of Telescopes: Radio, Reflecting & Refracting Telescopes
- 5. Galaxy Formation: Spiral, Elliptical & Irregular Galaxies
- 6. Types of Stars by Size, Color and Life Cycle
- 7. Structure of the Sun
- 8. Stages of the Sun's Life Cycle
- 9. Life Cycle of Neutron Stars
- 10. Supernova and Supergiant Star Life Cycle
- 11. Life Cycle of Black Holes
- 12. Inner Planets of the Solar System: Mercury, Venus, Earth & Mars
- 13. Formation of the Earth: Theories
- 14. Formation of the Moon: Theories
- 15. Planetary Predictors of Extraterrestrial Life
- 16. Outer Planets of the Solar System: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
- 17. Dwarf Planets of the Solar System: Pluto, Eris, Haumea & Ceres
- 18. Asteroids, Meteorites & Comets: Definitions and Characteristics
Geology
All Videos in Geology
- 1. The Dynamic Earth: Internal & External Forces that Shape Earth's Surface
- 2. Temperature, Clouds, Wind & Humidity on the Atmospheric Cycle
- 3. Natural Factors That Determine A Region's Climate
- 4. Global Warming: Atmospheric Causes and Effect on Climate
- 5. The Water Cycle: Precipitation, Condensation, and Evaporation
- 6. Cycles of Matter: The Nitrogen Cycle and the Carbon Cycle
- 7. Effect of Erosion and Deposition on Landforms
- 8. How a Landform Diagram Describes the Geological Progression of a Landscape
- 9. Earthquakes and Volcanoes: Evidence of Earth's Inner Layers
- 10. Rock Cycle: Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic rocks
- 11. Alfred Wegener's Theory of Continental Drift
- 12. Evidence for the Mechanism of Continental Drift
- 13. Plate Tectonics: A Unified Theory for Change of the Earth's Surface
- 14. Causes of Tectonic Plate Movement
- 15. Plate Boundaries: Convergent, Divergent, and Transform Boundaries
Biomolecules
All Videos in Biomolecules
- 1. Structure and Function of Carbohydrates
- 2. Structure and Function of Lipids
- 3. Proteins I: Structure and Function
- 4. Proteins II: Amino Acids, Polymerization and Peptide Bonds
- 5. Proteins III: Structure and Characteristics of the 20 Amino Acids
- 6. DNA: Chemical Structure of Nucleic Acids & Phosphodiester Bonds
- 7. DNA: Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine & Complementary Base Pairing
- 8. DNA: Double Helix Structure and Hereditary Molecule
- 9. Differences Between RNA and DNA & Types of RNA (mRNA, tRNA & rRNA)
Biology of the Cell
All Videos in Biology of the Cell
- 1. Osmosis, Diffusion and Saturation
- 2. How a Phospholipid Bilayer Is Both Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic
- 3. The Fluid Mosaic Model of the Cell Membrane
- 4. Passive Transport in Cells: Simple and Facilitated Diffusion & Osmosis
- 5. Active Transport in Cells: Definition & Examples
- 6. Endocytosis and Exocytosis Across the Cell Membrane
- 7. Structure of the Nucleus: Nucleolus, Nuclear Membrane, and Nuclear Pores
- 8. The Ribosome: Structure, Function and Location
- 9. The Endomembrane System: Functions & Components
- 10. The Cytoskeleton: Microtubules and Microfilaments
- 11. Mitochondria Structure: Cristae, Matrix and Inner & Outer Membrane
- 12. Chloroplast Structure: Chlorophyll, Stroma, Thylakoid, and Grana
- 13. Plant Cell Structures: The Cell Wall and Central Vacuole
- 14. Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cells: Similarities and Differences
- 15. Viruses: Bacteriophage Lytic and Lysogenic Cycles
Biochemistry Foundations
All Videos in Biochemistry Foundations
- 1. Function of Enzymes: Substrate, Active Site & Activation Energy
- 2. Function of Enzymes: Environmental Effects
- 3. Coenzymes, Cofactors & Prosthetic Groups: Function and Interactions
- 4. Enzymatic Reactions: Inhibition and Regulation
- 5. Cellular Respiration: Energy Transfer in Cells
- 6. Redox Reactions & Electron Carriers in Cellular Respiration: Definitions and Examples
- 7. Glycolysis Pathway: Steps, Products & Importance
- 8. The Citric Acid (Kreb) Cycle: Products and Steps
- 9. The Electron Transport Chain: Products and Steps
- 10. Lactic Acid & Alcoholic Fermentation: Comparison, Contrast & Examples
- 11. Chlorophyll: Absorbing Light Energy for Photosynthesis
- 12. Photolysis and the Light Reactions: Definitions, Steps, Recants & Products
- 13. Dark Reactions of Photosynthesis: The Calvin-Benson Cycle
Chemical Nature of the Gene
All Videos in Chemical Nature of the Gene
- 1. Protein Synthesis in the Cell and the Central Dogma
- 2. Transcription of Messenger RNA (mRNA) from DNA
- 3. RNA Processing in a Eukaryotic Cell: Splicing of Introns & Exons
- 4. What Is the Genetic Code That Translates RNA Into Amino Acids?
- 5. Making Sense of the Genetic Code: Codon Recognition
- 6. Codon Recognition: How tRNA and Anticodons Interpret the Genetic Code
- 7. The Role of Ribosomes and Peptide Bonds in Genetic Translation
- 8. Translation of mRNA to Protein: Initiation, Elongation & Termination Steps
- 9. How Point Mutations, Insertions, and Deletions Affect DNA
- 10. Effects of Mutations on Protein Function: Missense, Nonsense, and Silent Mutations
- 11. Effects of Frameshift Mutations: Definitions and Examples
- 12. Mutagens: How the Environment Affects Mutation Rates
Cell Processes
All Videos in Cell Processes
- 1. The Genome
- 2. The Structure of Chromosomes
- 3. The Cell Cycle
- 4. Physical Features of a Chromosome
- 5. Mitosis I: The Mitotic Spindle
- 6. Mitosis II: Phases of Chromosome Segregation
- 7. Cytokinesis: Animal Versus Plant Cells
- 8. Asexual Versus Sexual Reproduction
- 9. Overview of Meiosis
- 10. Meiosis I: Reductional Cell Division
- 11. Meiosis II: Equational Cell Division
Introduction to Plant Biology
All Videos in Introduction to Plant Biology
- 1. Classification of Vascular, Nonvascular, Monocot & Dicot Plants
- 2. Structure of Plant Stems: Vascular and Ground Tissue
- 3. Apical Meristem & Primary Shoot System Growth
- 4. Lateral Meristem & Secondary Shoot System Growth
- 5. Structure of Leaves: The Epidermis, Palisade and Spongy Layers
- 6. Primary Root Tissue, Root Hairs and the Plant Vascular Cylinder
- 7. Root System Growth: The Root Cap, Primary Roots & Lateral Roots
- 8. Flowers: Structure and Function of Male & Female Components
- 9. Alternation of Generations: The Gametophyte and Sporophyte
- 10. A Moss Life Cycle: Dominant Gametophyte
- 11. A Fern Life Cycle: Plant Reproduction Without Flowers or Seeds
- 12. A Gymnosperm Life Cycle: Reproduction of Plants with 'Naked Seeds'
- 13. An Angiosperm Life Cycle: Flowering Plant Reproduction
- 14. Asexual Plant Reproduction: Vegetative Propagation and Bulbs
- 15. Tropisms: Phototropic, Geotropic and Thigmotropic Plant Growth
- 16. Seasonal Growth Cycles: Perennial, Annual and Biennial Plants
Human Anatomy
All Videos in Human Anatomy
- 1. Multicellular Organisms, Tissues and Epithelium
- 2. Types of Connective Tissue
- 3. Skeletal System and Muscular System
- 4. Muscle Contraction: Actin and Myosin Bonding
- 5. Circulatory System I: Types of Circulatory Systems
- 6. Circulatory System II: The Human Vascular System
- 7. Circulatory System III: The Heart
- 8. Circulatory System IV: Red Blood Cells
- 9. Gas Exchange in the Human Respiratory System
- 10. Digestive System I: The Upper Gastrointestinal Tract
- 11. Digestive System II: The Lower Gastrointestinal Tract
- 12. Excretory System
- 13. Homeostasis and Temperature Regulation in Humans
- 14. Functions of the Nervous System
- 15. The Structure and Function of Neurons
- 16. The Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
- 17. The Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous Systems
- 18. Brain Structures and Functions Part I
- 19. The Cerebral Cortex: Brain Structures and Functions Part II
- 20. Innate Immunity: Inflammation, Neutrophils & Natural Killer Cells
- 21. Acquired Immunity: T Cells, B Cells and Antibodies
- 22. Functions of the Lymphatic System
Animal Reproduction, Growth and Development
All Videos in Animal Reproduction, Growth and Development
- 1. Overview of Animal Reproduction and Development
- 2. Spermatogenesis: How the Male Reproductive System Produces Sperm
- 3. Early Embryonic Development: The Morula and Blastula
- 4. Embryo Implantation and Placenta Formation
- 5. The Placenta and the Fetus: Structure and Function
- 6. Amniotic Fluid, The Amnion, and the Yolk Sac
- 7. Gastrulation and the 3 Germ Layers (Ectoderm, Endoderm & Mesoderm)
Genetics
All Videos in Genetics
- 1. Overview of Genetics
- 2. Properties of Alleles
- 3. Mendel's First Law: The Law of Segregation
- 4. Application of Mendel's First Law
- 5. Mendel's Second Law: The Law of Independent Assortment
- 6. Application of Mendel's Second Law
- 7. Exceptions to Simple Dominance: Codominance and Incomplete Dominance
- 8. Exceptions to Independent Assortment: Sex Linked and Sex Limited Traits
- 9. Chromosomal Linkage and Crossing Over
- 10. Human Genetics and Model Organisms
Ecology
All Videos in Ecology
- 1. The Environment, Levels of Ecology and Ecosystems
- 2. Food Chains, Trophic Levels and Energy Flow in an Ecosystem
- 3. Interspecific Competition, Competitive Exclusion & Niche Differentiation
- 4. Predator/Prey Interactions, Camouflage, Mimicry & Warning Coloration
- 5. Symbiotic Relationships: Mutualism, Commensalism & Parasitism
- 6. Populations: Density, Survivorship and Life Histories
- 7. Carrying Capacity, Migration and Dispersion
- 8. Dispersal, Colonization, and Island Biogeography
- 9. Conservation Biology, Habitat Fragmentation, and Metapopulations
- 10. Ecological Succession: From Pioneer to Climax Communities
- 11. Social Behavior: The Cost-Benefit of Altruism and Kin Selection
Evolution: Theories and Principles
All Videos in Evolution: Theories and Principles
- 1. Theory of Evolution
- 2. Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium I: Overview
- 3. Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium II: The Equation
- 4. Natural Selection and Adaptation
- 5. Types of Natural Selection
- 6. Speciation I: Allopatric and Sympatric Speciation
- 7. Speciation II: Prezygotic Barriers
- 8. Speciation III: Postzygotic Barriers
Human and Social Biology
All Videos in Human and Social Biology
- 1. Innate Behavior: Reflexes, Kineses and Taxes
- 2. Learned Behavior: Imprinting, Habituation and Conditioning
- 3. Social Behavior: The Cost-Benefit of Altruism and Kin Selection
- 4. Social Systems vs. Individual Fitness: The Queen/Worker Relationship
- 5. The Theory of Demographic Transition: Overview
- 6. Carrying Capacity of a Population: Effect of Biomedical Progress
Science 101: Introduction to Natural Sciences is designed to prepare you to earn real college credit by passing the Natural Sciences CLEP Exam. This course covers the topics in both the physical and biological sciences and is equivalent to a natural sciences course taught during the first two years of college.
Instructors Dr. Joshua Anderson, Dr. Adrienne Brundage, Dr. Greg Chin, Dr. Meg Desko, Pete Jaeger, April Koch, Jill Ross, John Simmons and Danielle Weber are experienced educators with the in-depth scientific knowledge necessary to teach an interdisciplinary course like Natural Sciences. Watch as they break each chapter into easy-to-digest video lessons that make the concepts of Natural Sciences relatable and fun. Self-grading quizzes and practice tests allow you to see how much you've learned, so you can review only the topics you need to.
| Chapter | Objectives | |
|---|---|---|
| The Universe | Learn about the origins of the universe, starting with the Big Bang. Explore star and galaxy formation, and provides an overview of the planets in our solar system. | |
| Geology | Learn about the makeup of the Earth's center, surface and surroundings. | |
| Thermodynamics | Discover the different kinds of energy: chemical, electric, kinetic, radiant, and thermal. Overview of the laws of thermodynamics. | |
| Mechanics | Study Newton's Three Laws of Motion and learn the difference between speed, velocity, and acceleration. | |
| Electricity & Magnetism | Learn how different kinds of waves are interpreted as a light or sound and understand the electromagnetic spectrum. | |
| Relativity | Learn why the theory of relativity shook up our understanding of the relationship between space and time and put Albert Einstein on the map. | |
| Atomic Structure | Learn the structure and function of atoms, and how to distinguish between to covalent, ionic, and peptide bonds. | |
| Biomolecules | Study the structure and function of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. | |
| Biochemistry | Review key biochemistry topics such as: DNA & RNA, anaerobic respiration, aerobic respiration, photosynthesis, and oxidation/reduction. | |
| Cell Biology | Learn what makes up a cell and what processes take place within one, such as osmosis. | |
| Chemical Nature of the Gene | Get an overview of protein synthesis, mutations, and the genetic code and understand how the makeup of a gene affects is function. | |
| Cell Processes | Discover key cell processes such as: the cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis, and sexual cell reproduction. | |
| Genetics | Learn about Mendel's Laws of Inheritance, Sex-Linked and Sex-Limited Traits and Chromosomal Linkage. | |
| Animal Reproduction and Development | Explore the animal reproductive cycle, including: sperm development, ovulation, embryonic development and gestation. | |
| Principles of Evolution | Study crucial concepts of evolution: the Harvey Weinberg Equilibrium, natural selection, and speciation. | |
| Human Anatomy | Study the structure and function of the following systems: circulatory, digestive, excretory, lymphatic, muscular, nervous, respiratory, and skeletal. | |
| Plant Biology | Get an overview of plants' structure and function, with special attention to shoot system growth, root system growth, and plant reproduction. | |
| Principles of Ecology | Gain an understanding of how different organisms, populations, and communities interact with each other and their environment. |
-
Education Portal Instructors
Education Portal's 53 instructors bring a diverse array of experience and expertise to each course. From teaching philosophy in Athens, Greece, to exploring the mystery of genetics, each instructor is uniquely qualified to bring students the best online learning experience possible. Meet them now!
-
Jessica Bayliss, M.S.
Jessica is our Director of Education and leads the development of Education Portal's free courses. She has 10 years of experience in education and online teaching. Her work with students of all age levels drives
her belief in the power of free online resources to make higher education more affordable and efficient. Jessica's favorite part of the day is
reading feedback from Education Portal's students. She has a bachelor's degree from the University of Illinois and a master's degree in
instructional technology from Texas A&M - Kingsville.
-
Greg Chin, Ph.D.
Greg has taught genetics, molecular biology, and general biology to
high school, collegiate, and post-graduate students at Stanford University, the University of California, Los Angeles, Santa Clara
University and the Dolan DNA Learning Center at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. He has also taught science workshops for the general
public and led biology teacher enrichment workshops throughout the U.S. He received a B.S. in Genetics from the University of
California, Davis, and a Ph.D. from Stanford University. Find out how your genes work in Greg's introduction to genetics video lesson!
-
Max Pfingsten, M.Ed.
Max has taught classics, history and philosophy
at a variety of levels at the Dikemes Academy in Athens, the Boulder Valley School District, University of Colorado at Boulder and
the Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy (IMSA). His work is noteworthy for its synthesis of technology and simulation with more
traditional teaching approaches. He received a B.A. in Classics from Depauw University, a M.A. in Classics from University of
Colorado at Boulder, and a M.Ed. from Jones International University. See Socrates come to life in Max's lesson on the life, death,
and philosophy of the great Socrates.
- Meet all 53 of our instructors
Contact Information
We love to talk to the media about what we're doing and how free courses can help students save money. If you are a member of the media and want to speak to us,
The videos were a great study tool. I aced the CLEP exam and earned 3 college credits!
Claire Steiner, Nursing Student More success stories
Matter: Physical and Chemical Properties
What is Energy? - Definition and Significance in Nature
Speed and Velocity: Concepts and Formulas
Classical Relativity: Distance and Time Relation to the Observer
Electric Charge and Force: Definition, Repulsion & Attraction
Origins of the Universe: The Big Bang and Expanding & Contracting Universes
Structure and Function of Carbohydrates
Osmosis, Diffusion and Saturation
Function of Enzymes: Substrate, Active Site & Activation Energy
Protein Synthesis in the Cell and the Central Dogma
The Genome
Classification of Vascular, Nonvascular, Monocot & Dicot Plants
Multicellular Organisms, Tissues and Epithelium
Overview of Animal Reproduction and Development
Overview of Genetics
The Environment, Levels of Ecology and Ecosystems
Theory of Evolution
Innate Behavior: Reflexes, Kineses and Taxes

